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The Russian chess term "Tabya" (Табия) refers to a specific starting or key position in various chess openings. This concept marks a point where both players have followed a standard sequence of moves, leading to a familiar setup from which they then diverge into unique play, choosing different strategies.
In traditional chess, a "Tabya" allows players to prepare well-known plans and study specific variations. It's a crucial tool for advanced preparation, as many modern games quickly reach these recognizable setups before individual creativity and strategy take over. This idea helps players to focus on learning important positions instead of every possible move sequence.
One can actually say the the starting position of a chess game is the very first Tabya, since every chessplayer must know how to set up the poistion.